Центральная Азия: От века империй до наших дней

12

James A. Millward, Beyond the Pass: Economy, Ethnicity, and Empire in Qing Central Asia, 1759–1864 (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press,1998), 92; Henry G. Schwartz, "The Khwājas of Eastern Turkestan," Central Asiatic Journal 20 (1976): 266–296.

13

Alexandre Papas, Soufisme et politique entre Chine, Tibet et Turkestan: Etude sur les Khwâjas naqshbandîs du Turkestan oriental (Paris: Librairie d'Amérique et d'Orient, 2005).

14

Peter C. Perdue, China Marches West: The Qing Conquest of Central Eurasia (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2005), 283.

15

Там же, 285.

16

Laura J. Newby, The Empire and the Khanate: A Political History of Qing Relations with Khoqand, c. 1760–1860 (Leiden: Brill, 2005), 21–27.

17

Millward, Beyond the Pass, 201.

18

Hodong Kim, Holy War in China: The Muslim Rebellion and State in Chinese Central Asia, 1864–1877 (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2004), 69.

19

Millward, Beyond the Pass, 51.

20

Kwangmin Kim, "Profit and Protection: Emin Khwaja and the Qing Conquest of Central Asia, 1759–1777," Journal of Asian Studies 71 (2012): 603–626; David Brophy, "The Kings of Xinjiang: Muslim Elites and the Qing Empire," Études orientales 25 (2008): 69–90.

21

Цит. по: Millward, Beyond the Pass, 133.

22

Brophy, "The Kings of Xinjiang," 84.

23

Molla Musa Sayrami, Tarikhi äminiyä, ed. Mähämmät Zunun (Ürümchi: Shinjang Khälq Näshriyati, 1989), 28 (see 38–42 for the legend of the emperors' conversion).

24

Millward, Beyond the Pass, 205–208.

25

Scott C. Levi, The Bukharan Crisis: A Connected History of 18th-Century Central Asia (Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2020).

26

James Pickett, Polymaths of Islam: Power and Networks of Knowledge in Central Asia (Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 2020).

27

Tōru Saguchi, "The Eastern Trade of the Khoqand Khanate," Memoirs of the Research Department of the Toyo Bunko, no. 24 (1965): 51.

28

Scott C. Levi, The Rise and Fall of Khoqand, 1709–1876: Central Asia in the Global Age (Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2017).

29

Там же, 148–149.

30

Laura J. Newby, The Empire and the Khanate: A Political History of Qing Relations with Khoqand, c. 1760–1860 (Leiden: Brill, 2005), 55.

31

Hājjī Muḥ ammad Ḥ ākim Khān, Muntakhab al-tavārīkh, trans. Scott C. Levi, in Islamic Central Asia: An Anthology of Historical Sources, ed. Scott C. Levi and Ron Sela (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2010), 276–277.

32

Цит. по: Newby, The Empire and the Khanate, 94.

33

Там же, 110.

34

Millward, Beyond the Pass, 59.

35

Gong Zizhen, "Xiyu zhi xingsheng yi," in Gong Zizhen, Gong Zizhen quanji (Shanghai: Shanghai renmin chubanshe, 1975), 105–112. For an English translation, see David C. Wright, "Gong Zizhen and His Essay on the 'Western Regions,' " in Opuscula Altaica: Essays Presented in Honor of Henry Schwarz, ed. Edward H. Kaplan and Donald W. Whisenhunt (Bellingham: Center for East Asian Studies, Western Washington University, 1994), 655–685.