Английский язык. Грамматический справочник. Эффективная подготовка к экзаменам

• first – 1st

• second —

• third —

• fourth —

• sixteen —

• twenty-seven —

• nineteen forty-seven —

• two thousand and sixteen —

• thirty-first —

• fifteen eighty-nine —

• the thirteenth of June —

• the sixth of August —

• the twenty-seventh of July —

4.2. Дополните предложения соответствующими числительными:

1. I have breakfast at eleven o'clock at weekends. (11)

2. My sister is in the _____ grade. (5)

3. Natalia is _____ years old. (17)

4. Today is the _____ of May. (4)

5. It costs only _____ euros. (10)

6. He won the ____ prize and we were all really happy. (1)

7. It takes _____ hours to get from Moscow to Sochi by air. (2)

8. It's the _____ day of our holiday in Italy. (2)

9. He read _____ books during summer holidays. (4)

10. He was the ____ person who entered the room. (5)

4.3. Напишите следующие даты:

4.4. Образуйте порядковые числительные от следующих числительных:

1 – first

2 —

3 —

4 —

5 —

6 —

16 —

27 —

38 —

4 —

5 —

10 —

13 —

15 —

18 —

44 —

63 —

72 —

61 —

60 —

4.5. Выберите подходящую форму числительного.

1. My sister is still a teenager. She is only fifteen/fifty.

2. He knew it was a painting worth $5 million/millions.

3. Three hundred/Three hundreds people gathered at the stadium.

4. In the section 2/section 2nd we also suggest other topics that need to be researched.

5. The first battle of the American Revolution was fought in year/the year 1775.

6. Hundred/А hundred years ago the main means of communication was by post and telegraph.

7. How many children are there in the school? About three hundred/three hundreds.

8. The book has got over five hundred/five hundreds pages.

9. It happened in the year two thousand and two/two thousand and second.

10. He won the prize 1/ 1st prize in the competition.

4.6. Напишите предложения согласно образцу:

Children in a running competition.

John – number 1, Mike – number 5, Hanna – number 6, Alice – number 2, John – number 4, Elena – number 3

Пример: John was the first.

Alice was the _____________.

Mike was the _____________.

Hanna was the _______________.

Elena was the ______________.

John was the _____________.

4.7. Впишите подходящее по смыслу числительное.

1. Friday is the fifth day of the week.

2. The ___________ month of the year is September.

3. The ___________ month of the year is January.

4. In a competition the gold medal is for the ___________ place and the silver medal is for the __________ place.

5. There are ___________ days in a week.

6. There are ___________ seconds in a minute.

7. There are ___________ days in November.

8. You can always have a ___________ try if the first one is not successful.

9. Usually an employee has ___________ days off in a week – Saturday and Sunday.

10. Monday is the ___________ day of the week.

4.8. Выберите из списка количественные числительные и переведите их.

1. sixth; 2. eleven – 11; 3. forty; 4. second; 5. two hundred; 6. twenty-first; 7. nineteen; 8. seven; 9. twelfth;10. third; 11. fourth; 12. eight; 13. seventeen; 14. fifth; 15. nine; 16. one; 17. sixteen;18. tenth; 19. fifty; 20. one hundred and first; 21. two; 22. thirty-three; 23. ten; 24. sixty-one; 25. twelve; 26. thirteen; 27. four; 28. twenty.

4.9. Выполните упражнение по примеру:

Если возникли сложности – повторите тему «Образование множественного числа существительных».

Пример: (2) (a man) – two men,

1. (10) (a woman),

2. (25) (a child),

3. (15) (an ox),

4. (35) (a sheep),

5. (32) (a tooth),

6. (67) (a goose),

7. (100) (a star).

4.10. Выберите из списка порядковые числительные и переведите их.

1. one hundred; 2. fourteen; 3. thirteenth – 13-й; 4. two 5. ninth; 6. twenty-three; 7. thirty; 8. hundredth; 9. thirty-fifth; 10. seventeenth; 11. forty; 12. twentieth; 13. one million; 14. thousand and hundredth; 15. sixth; 16. nineteenth; 17. forty-five; 18. third; 19. three; 20. eleven; 21. four; 22. fifteenth; 23. eight; 24. ten; 25. twenty-two; 26. twelve; 27. twelfth; 28. thirtieth

Времена глаголов

В английском языке 12 времен, таблица, приведенная ниже, дает краткое пояснение по образованию времен:

5.1. Ознакомьтесь с приведенными отрывками, какие времена употребляются в предложениях?

1. London is the capital of Great Britain. Present Simple

2. He is working for a small company.

3. By the end of the year he will have spent all the money he's won in a lottery.

4. He has worked there for three months now.

5. He has been working there for three months now.

6. The next plane leaves this evening at 2 p. m.

7. I'll call you when I get there.

8. He is meeting his lawayer this afternoon.

9. He works at McDonald’s.

10. You will definitely be tired after you have been working all night.

11. I've seen that man before.

12. He'll come home as soon as he has finished work.

13. The scientist has written three books and he is working on another one.

14. She put on her dress for the party.

15. He called the web-site regularly.

16. We did not know the way so we used a navigator.

17. The wind was blowing and it was raining.

18. I've liked ice cream ever since I was a teenager.

19. She didn’t want to interrupt anybody and kept silent during the conversation.

20. By the time we arrived at the station, our train had already left.

21. It will be warm in two days.

22. On the day of the exam I woke up at six.

23. We’ll take a taxi and go clubbing.

24. In two hours we will be lying on a beach.

25. Will you be going to the kitchen later? Bring me a glass of water.

26. I am going to travel around the world.

27. I will text you as soon as I arrive.

28. The train arrives at 6.35.

29. I will go to a theater every year.

30. I will order a steak, and you?

Present Simple

Простое настоящее

• Present Simple – время простое настоящее, которое используется, когда говорят о привычках, фактах, в том числе неоспоримых, ежедневных рутинах.

Water boils at 100 degrees. Неоспоримый факт.

• Present Simple также употребляется для выражения будущего времени, когда речь идет о расписании.

Our train leaves at 7. Наш поезд отходит в 7 (по расписанию).

Слова-маркеры Present Simple:

once / twice / three times / four times a week – один раз / два раза / три раза / четыре раза в неделю

every day / every week / every year / every monday – каждый день / каждую неделю / каждый год / каждый понедельник

sometimes – иногда

usually – обычно

often – часто

seldom = rarely – редко

always – всегда

Пример: My name is Mike. I’m 15. Every day I go to school. So every morning I wake up at 6, have breakfast and head for school. My favourite subject is Math. Sometimes I stay at school till 4 p. m. as we have extra classes in Math.

То, что Майку 15 и его любимый предмет – математика, факты биографии Майка.

Каждый день он ходит в школу, встает в 6 и иногда остается там до 4 часов – ежедневная рутина Майка.

Образование Present Simple.

В утвердительных предложениях глаголы в 3 л. ед. ч. получают окончание -s.

He/she/it dances – takes – breaks – makes

Глаголы, заканчивающиеся на -ch, -sh, -ss, -x, -o, получают окончание -es.

I watch – he/she/it watches

I cross – he/she/it crosses

We box – he/she/it boxes

При этом если глагол заканчивается на -y, перед которой стоит согласная, окончание будет -ies.

He/she/it tries (try) – fries (fry) – dries (dry)

Ho play – plays

В отрицательных предложениях добавляется вспомогательный глагол do/does, как и в вопросах, и отрицательная частичка not.

He works – he doesn’t work

We try – we don’t try

I dance – I don’t dance

Также стоит обратить внимание на спряжение глаголов – to be (быть, являться) / have got (иметь, обладать), так как они не подчинятся общему правилу и имеют особую форму спряжения.

6.1. Напишите предложения в 3 л. ед. ч.

• I try – he tries

• We play

• They talk

• You take

• I work

• You study

• They deceive

• We suppose